ArticleScientific reports2026
Distinct NK cell dynamics in SARIFA positive colorectal cancer patients indicate persistent patient-intrinsic immune signatures after tumor resection.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The recently introduced H&E-based biomarker SARIFA (Stroma AReactive Invasion Front Areas) is defined by a direct tumor-adipocyte interaction at the invasion front and is highly predictive for worse outcome in colorectal cancer (CRC). Further analysis revealed an altered lipid metabolism and an immune dysregulation in SARIFA-positive cancers, specifically reduced natural killer (NK) cells. In this study, we investigated whether these lower NK cells in SARIFA-positive patients persist after tumor resection, indicating a patient-intrinsic factor that might contribute to the development of SARIFA-positive tumors. Flow cytometric analysis of NK cells of CRC patients was performed before, 7-10 days and 6 months after resection of the tumors. Using multiplex ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), various inflammatory mediators were examined. 28 SARIFA-negative, 12 SARIFA-positive patients and 27 matched healthy individuals were included. Preoperative NK cell values were previously published and showed significantly lower values for SARIFA-positive patients. Postoperatively NK cells and all their subsets declined in SARIFA-negative patients. Regarding the 6 months follow-up measurements, SARIFA-negative patients showed increasing values of NK cells reaching the initial level, while lower NK-cell levels persisted in SARIFA-positive patients. Multiplex ELISA of inflammatory mediators revealed a postoperative increase of IL5, IL6 and IL8 but no differences between SARIFA-positive and -negative patients. Postoperative measurements of NK cells and different subsets showed a persisting difference between SARIFA-positive and SARIFA-negative patients six months after surgery, which may indicate that patient-intrinsic immunological characteristics are associated with the development of the more aggressive SARIFA-positive tumors.
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