Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42521497›Full record

ArticleHealth promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals2026

Towards System Changes: Experiences of General Practitioners and Nurses in Facilitating Appointments and Referrals for Africans from Refugee Backgrounds in Australia.

Prince Peprah, Emmanuel Brenyah Adomako, Dipti Zachariah, David Ajak Ajang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Towards System Changes: Experiences of General Practitioners and Nurses in Facilitating Appointments and Referrals for Africans from Refugee Backgrounds in Australia.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Prince PeprahAustralian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3816-2713
Emmanuel Brenyah AdomakoDepartment of Social Work, School of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0610-9704
Dipti ZachariahPatient and Carer Experience, Clinical Governance, Western Sydney Local Health District, NSW Health, Sydney, Australia.
David Ajak AjangIndependent Research Consultant, Perth, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study explored the experiences of general practitioners (GPs) and nurses working in specialised refugee health services when facilitating specialist hospital appointments and referrals for Africans from refugee backgrounds in Australia.

methodsAn exploratory-descriptive, qualitative study was conducted. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 12 GPs and nurses across three states: New South Wales, Victoria, and Queensland. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and recorded via Zoom. Reflexive thematic analysis was undertaken to generate themes. This manuscript is based on the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ).

resultsThis study revealed two analytical constructs. The first construct explains the various challenges that GPs and nurses working in specialised refugee health services face in facilitating referrals and appointments for their patients including: (a) assumptions in communication; (b) use of abbreviations in appointment reminders; (c) navigating cultural and religious sensitivities in appointments; (d) difficulty getting clinicians to use interpreters; and (e) silos working. Nevertheless, the second construct explains that the providers in this study remained passionate and committed to helping refugees access the care they need.

conclusionsIt is essential that primary healthcare professionals in specialised refugee services feel supported, encouraged and empowered to enable access to appropriate specialist hospital services by refugees, thereby preventing unwanted health outcomes. SO WHAT?: This study reveals the needed changes to inform equity-based policies and system level interventions that promote timely access to specialist services for refugees to improve health outcomes.

Indexed as

Appointments and SchedulesBlack PeopleGeneral PractitionersNursesReferral and ConsultationRefugeesAdultAttitude of Health PersonnelAustraliaFemaleHealth Services AccessibilityHumansInterviews as TopicMaleMedical InterpretingQualitative ResearchaccessAustraliachallengesGPsmodels of careprimary healthcarerefugee backgroundspecialist care

Identifiers

PMID42521497
PMCPMC13413619

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.