ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2026
Epidemiologic, Entomologic, and Virologic Findings during Reemergence of Western Equine Encephalitis Virus, Argentina.
Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
During November 2023-April 2024, a total of 1,543 horses with neurologic disease from rural areas in 17 provinces of Argentina were reported to national animal health authorities. Nested reverse transcription PCR, quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR, and sequencing of equine brain necropsies confirmed western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) infection in 23 horses and 1 sheep. Phylogenetic analyses identified a lineage previously detected in Argentina in 1957, overlapping areas affected during the 1980s epizootics. Overall, we aspirated 1,362 female mosquitoes (12 species) from 1 of the most affected areas; Aedes (Ochlerotatus) albifasciatus (70.1%) and Ae. (Ochlerotatus) scapularis (26.8%) mosquitoes were the most abundant species. Three of 27 mosquito pools (n = 1,089 mosquitoes) were identified as WEEV positive (2 Ae. albifasciatus, 1 Ae. scapularis). Increased rainfall, agricultural expansion, vector proliferation, and low vaccination coverage were likely key factors contributing to the reemergence of WEEV.
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