ArticleCureus2026
Evaluation of Antihypertensive Medication Adherence and Its Association With Blood Pressure Control Among Hypertensive Patients Attending Outpatient Clinics in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHypertension is a major noncommunicable disease in Pakistan, and suboptimal blood pressure (BP) control remains a significant public health challenge, largely influenced by poor adherence to antihypertensive medications.
objectiveThis study aimed to assess the prevalence of antihypertensive medication adherence and its association with BP control among hypertensive patients attending outpatient clinics in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. METHODOLOGY: This analytical cross-sectional study included 436 hypertensive patients selected through consecutive sampling from tertiary care hospitals. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and the validated Brief Medication Questionnaire. BP was measured using standardized procedures with a Medico Aneroid Sphygmomanometer AND-85 and the Omron M3 Comfort device (Omron Healthcare, Kyoto, Japan). BP control was defined as <140/90 mmHg. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). The chi-square test and multivariable binary logistic regression were used to assess associations and adjust for confounders.
resultsOf 436 participants, 196 (44.95%) were adherent and 240 (55.05%) were nonadherent. BP was controlled in 178 (40.83%) patients and uncontrolled in 258 (59.17%). Controlled BP was significantly higher among adherent patients (67.35%) compared with nonadherent patients (19.17%) (P < 0.001). Nonadherence was independently associated with uncontrolled hypertension (adjusted odds ratio = 3.82; 95% confidence interval: 2.45-5.97; P < 0.001). Other significant predictors included age ≥60 years, diabetes mellitus, and longer duration of hypertension.
conclusionMedication nonadherence is a major independent and modifiable determinant of poor BP control among hypertensive patients in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Targeted adherence-enhancing interventions are urgently needed in outpatient clinical settings.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.