ArticleTranscranial magnetic stimulation (2024)2025
A double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial of cerebellar intermittent theta burst stimulation for bipolar disorder: Safety, tolerability, mood and cognitive effects.
Article in Transcranial magnetic stimulation (2024), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Target Interpretability and Functional Mapping of rTMS and Theta-Burst Stimulation of the Cerebellar Vermis and Midline Cerebellum: A Scoping Review.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2026Article
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Bipolar Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials: Stimulation magnétique transcrânienne dans les cas de dépression bipolaire : une revue systématique et une méta-analyse d'essais contrôlés à répartition aléatoire.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2026Review
- Efficacy, Effectiveness, and Safety of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Bipolar Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) applied to the midline cerebellum has effects on mood and cognition in patients with neuropsychiatric disease. In bipolar disorder, depressive and cognitive symptoms are often inadequately treated with current therapeutic options. This randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial evaluated the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of applying 10 sessions of iTBS, delivered twice daily, targeting cerebellar vermis (CBM-iTBS) in subjects with bipolar disorder. Primary outcome measures were change in depression using the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale and change in cognition using the NIH Toolbox Cognitive Battery from baseline to post-treatment (primary endpoint), and 1-, 3-, and 8-week follow-ups. Significant improvements in depression in sham (n = 18, mean age 37.8, 83 % female) and active (n = 12, mean age 41.9, 83 % female) treatment arms were observed post-treatment (active and sham, p = 0.02 and 0.001, respectively). Additionally, 1-week (sham), 3-week (sham), and 8-week (active) follow-ups all showed significant depression improvement (all p < 0.05), with no statistical separation between groups in the depressed cohort. Importantly, CBM-iTBS was well-tolerated, with the only affective switching to mania or mixed state occurring during follow-up in one active and one sham participant. The active group outperformed sham on measures of life satisfaction, meaning, self-efficacy, and reduced anger at varied time-points, with broad mood improvements in both groups. Cognitive performance improved in both treatment arms, with greater cognitive improvements in picture sequence memory testing and reaction time for the active group. In conclusion, CBM-iTBS is safe, feasible, and tolerable in individuals with bipolar disorder. Significant improvements with both active and sham iTBS on mood and cognitive measures suggest prominent placebo and learning effects. Future CBM-iTBS trials should consider modifications to treatment dose, coil design, and cerebellar target region.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.