SynthesisFrontiers in oncology2026
Gut microbiome biomarkers for colorectal cancer detection: a systematic review highlighting age as a key confounder.
Synthesis in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The gut microbiome is a promising source of non-invasive biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC), yet the diagnostic performance remains heterogeneous, and the identified key markers often have inconsistency across studies, potentially influenced by host-specific factors. To ascertain the performance obtained by gut-based biomarkers in the field and investigate the impact of host characteristics on it, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. After a comprehensive literature search on PubMed and Science Direct in January 2025, 27 studies were included in the review. On average, the studies reported Area Under the Receiver-Operator Curve (AUROC) of .89 and .80 for differentiating CRC and adenoma cases, respectively. We found a negative relationship between sample size and reported AUROC, though not statistically significant but still suggesting potential overfitting effect due to small dataset size, possibly inflating detection performance. Meta-regression analyses identified age difference between cases and controls as a significant moderator of diagnostic performance ( Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42024621311.
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