ArticleACS omega2026
Impact of Menthol Concentration on Ketoprofen Permeation and Photostability in Compounded Topical Preparations in a Pentravan Base.
Article in ACS omega, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundTopical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs provide localized pain relief while reducing the risk of systemic adverse effects. Menthol is frequently used in topical formulations both as an analgesic agent and as a penetration enhancer.
objectiveThis study evaluated the effect of menthol concentration on ketoprofen permeation through Strat-M membranes and photostability in compounded topical formulations based on a Pentravan vehicle. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsSemisolid formulations containing ketoprofen, lidocaine hydrochloride, and increasing concentrations of menthol were prepared using the Pentravan base. In vitro permeation experiments were performed using Franz diffusion cells with Strat-M membranes as a screening model. Ketoprofen concentrations were determined using UHPLC analysis. Photostability under UVA exposure (0-200 Wh/m
resultsKetoprofen permeation increased with increasing menthol concentration. After 12 h, the cumulative amount detected in the acceptor phase ranged from 194.9 μg for the menthol-free formulation to 475.9 μg for the formulation containing 10% menthol. Photostability studies showed formulation-dependent degradation profiles. The menthol-free formulation retained the highest proportion of ketoprofen during UVA exposure, whereas the menthol-containing formulation and the commercial product showed more pronounced drug degradation.
conclusionMenthol enhanced ketoprofen permeation in the applied in vitro model while also influencing the drug's photodegradation behavior under UVA exposure, highlighting the importance of formulation composition in compounded topical preparations.
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