Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42518383›Full record

ArticleACS omega2026

The Development of Green Schiff Base-Coated Papers Using Empty Palm Fruit Bunch Biomass for Enhanced Wet Strength.

Indra Masmur, Elvri Melliaty Sitinjak, Hardy Shuwanto, Sari Farah Dina, Poltak Evencus Hutajulu, Gimelliya Saragih, Leo Frengki Sihaloho, Immanuel Siahaan, Fadhila Natania Damanik, Rahel Argana Doloksaribu and 4 more

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Article in ACS omega, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Indra MasmurDepartment of Chemistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Bioteknologi No. 1, Medan 20155, Indonesia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7853-4764
Elvri Melliaty SitinjakDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Teknologi Kimia Industri, Jl. Medan Tenggara No. VII, Medan 20228, Indonesia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7450-0329
Hardy ShuwantoDepartment of Civil Engineering, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Jl. Sampul No.3, Medan 20118, Indonesia.
Sari Farah DinaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Teknologi Kimia Industri, Jl. Medan Tenggara No. VII, Medan 20228, Indonesia.
Poltak Evencus HutajuluDepartment of Palm Oil Agribusiness, Politeknik Teknologi Kimia Industri, Jl. Medan Tenggara No. VII, Medan 20228, Indonesia.
Gimelliya SaragihDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Teknologi Kimia Industri, Jl. Medan Tenggara No. VII, Medan 20228, Indonesia.
Leo Frengki SihalohoPT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV Regional I, Jl. Sei Batanghari No. 2, Medan 20122, Indonesia.
Immanuel SiahaanDepartment of Chemistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Bioteknologi No. 1, Medan 20155, Indonesia.
Fadhila Natania DamanikDepartment of Chemistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Bioteknologi No. 1, Medan 20155, Indonesia.
Rahel Argana DoloksaribuDepartment of Chemistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Bioteknologi No. 1, Medan 20155, Indonesia.
Septriasi Sarah ArdelaDepartment of Chemistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Bioteknologi No. 1, Medan 20155, Indonesia.
Andira SapitriDepartment of Chemistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Bioteknologi No. 1, Medan 20155, Indonesia.
Verianto PakpahanDepartment of Chemistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Bioteknologi No. 1, Medan 20155, Indonesia.
Rahel Gabriel Sionita HutapeaDepartment of Chemistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Bioteknologi No. 1, Medan 20155, Indonesia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this study, a sustainable cellulose-based Schiff base wet strength agent (WSA) was successfully synthesized from empty palm fruit bunch (EPFB) biomass. Cellulose isolated from EPFB was oxidized using sodium periodate to produce dialdehyde cellulose (DAC), which was subsequently reacted with six different amine precursors, methylamine (SB-1), ethylenediamine (SB-2), ethylamine (SB-3), diethylamine (SB-4), ethanolamine (SB-5), and diethanolamine (SB-6), to form cellulose-based Schiff base derivatives. Structural characterization by FTIR confirmed the formation of imine (CN) linkages, while XRD revealed a decrease in crystallinity after oxidation and Schiff base formation. SEM analysis demonstrated a progressive morphological transformation from fibrous cellulose to compact and aggregated Schiff base structures. BET results indicated a significant enhancement of the specific surface area, particularly for SB-2 (417.6 m

Identifiers

PMID42518383
PMCPMC13382723

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.