ArticleJCI insight2026
Plasma proteins associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease organ involvement.
Article in JCI insight, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies identified plasma proteins associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). The goal of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate whether plasma biomarkers were associated with specific organ manifestations to help guide treatment choice.
methodsPlasma proteins were measured in patients with cGVHD (N = 695) from Chronic GVHD Consortium studies. Correlations of plasma protein levels with individual organ involvement were tested with a P value of 0.05 or less considered significant after Benjamini-Hochberg adjustment and adjustment for 5 baseline clinical variables.
resultsMedian time from cGVHD diagnosis to blood draw was 0.9 months (IQR 0.1-9.5). Donors were 50% HLA-matched unrelated, 32% matched related, and the remainder were umbilical cord blood, haploidentical, or mismatched unrelated donors. Methotrexate and calcineurin inhibitor prophylaxis for acute GVHD was used in 53% of patients. Overall, 326 (47%) had moderate and 244 (35%) had severe cGVHD with the following organ involvement at time of blood draw: skin (67%), mouth (60%), eye (49%), joint (34%), GI (31%), lung (23%), and liver (17%). After adjustment for batch effects and patient and transplant characteristics, 14 plasma proteins were associated with organ involvement with independent AUCs of 0.7-0.8. All organs except the eye were associated with at least 1 biomarker. However, no combination of plasma proteins improved model fit after adjusting for patient and transplant clinical variables.
conclusionCorrelations between plasma proteins and organ involvement were identified but are not actionable. Our future investigations will focus on more granular and immediately proximal determinants of cGVHD biology in both blood and tissue.
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