ArticleTherapeutic innovation & regulatory science2026
Career Paths to Drug Development and Regulatory Science Through the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
Article in Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAcross the U.S., pharmacy students have limited access to education and experiential training in non-patient facing roles that support the drug development and regulatory sectors. As a result, few cite jobs in industry or government among their career goals after graduation. Advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPE) have been demonstrated to inform decision making and enhance confidence in pursuing opportunities outside of traditional pharmacy practice settings.
objectiveIn this report, we discuss the career outcomes of students having participated in APPE within the Office of Clinical Pharmacology (OCP) at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
methodsData on former rotation students' most recent roles and employment sectors were aggregated from May 2013 to January 2025. The analysis relied principally on internet searches focusing on professional and scientific networking platforms (e.g. LinkedIn®, ResearchGate), professional society membership directories, other social media content, or university experiential offices.
resultsFrom 2013 to 2025, 199 students participated in the OCP rotation at the FDA. They came from 42 colleges and universities across 22 states and the District of Columbia with relative parity between public and private institutions (52% vs. 48%). Their most recent work sector was available for 182 participants. 51% of students were working in the pharmaceutical industry, 6% were in government, and 4% were consultants. 24% of students were working in healthcare.
conclusionWe observed entry into the drug development and regulatory sectors occurring at much higher rates in our graduates as compared with national surveys. Non-patient facing opportunities of public health relevance remain an important alternative to careers in community and hospital pharmacy. Ensuring sustained access to APPE in research & development, public policy, and regulatory affairs can contribute to the pipeline of competent and confident graduates who seek roles in drug development and regulatory science.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42518138What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.