ArticleBreast cancer (Dove Medical Press)2026
Estrogen-Driven Breast Carcinogenesis in a Rat Model is Linked to Retroelement Activation and Inflammation and is Susceptible to Lamivudine Treatment.
Article in Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Despite significant progress in treating estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer (BC), the recurrence risk remains high and mechanisms driving initial ductal tumorigenesis is unclear. Given an emerging role of LINE-1 (L1), HERV-K and other endogenous retroviral elements (EREs) in cancer, we tested the hypothesis that their expression can be induced by estrogen and blocked by treatment with lamivudine (3TC), an HIV-1 drug that can also inhibit Methods: This is a preclinical study using the well-established ACI rat model of spontaneous estrogen-driven BC to examine the earliest stages of cancer development and the effects of 3TC. Rat mammary glands and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and RNA sequencing (RNAseq). A panel of human BC cell lines and tissue microarrays (TMAs) were assessed by RT-qPCR, immunoblotting and IHC to evaluate ERE RNA and protein expression and a potential association with the ER- and FOXA1- positive BC. Results: Development of estrogen-induced ER Conclusion: Using a rat model, our study demonstrates estrogen dependent ERE expression in pre-invasive ER
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