ArticleMedical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran2026
Effect of Controlled versus Spontaneous Ventilation on Postoperative Emergence Agitation in 2-4-Year-Old Children Undergoing Adenotonsillectomy: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.
Article in Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Emergence agitation (EA), characterized by restlessness and inconsolable behavior, is a common postoperative complication in children after sevoflurane anesthesia, potentially causing secondary injuries and prolonged PACU stays. While its etiology is multifactorial, the mode of ventilation during anesthesia may be a contributing yet under-investigated factor. This study aimed to compare the effects of controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) versus spontaneous ventilation (SV) on EA, pain, recovery time, and related outcomes in children aged 2-4 years undergoing adenotonsillectomy. Methods: This randomized double-blind trial enrolled 79 children (2-4 years, ASA I) undergoing adenotonsillectomy. Patients were randomized to controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) or spontaneous ventilation (SV) during emergence. Anesthesia was standardized with sevoflurane and reversal with neostigmine/atropine. The primary outcome was emergence agitation assessed via the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS). Statistical analysis involved Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), independent t-tests, and Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests. The Results: The mean age was significantly higher in the controlled ventilation group compared to the spontaneous breathing group (40.75 ± 4.73 vs. 37.31 ± 5.80 months, Conclusion: CMV significantly reduces EA, postoperative pain, and PACU stay duration compared with SV in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy, likely by preventing hypercapnia and stabilizing physiological parameters. CMV is recommended as the preferred ventilation strategy in this population, while the absence of delirium confirms the low inherent neurological risk in children less than 5 years.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.