Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42516383›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy versus chemoradiotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter cohort study.

Yixiang Zhu, Zan Hou, Yiting Sun, Lei Xu, Yuqin Cao, Lijun Liang, Yongkui Yu, Mei Lan, Ming Fan, Lin Peng and 11 more

Abstract readMulticenter StudyComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Yixiang Zhu *Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Zan Hou *Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Yiting Sun *Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Lei Xu *Departments of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yuqin CaoDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Lijun LiangDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Yongkui YuDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.
Mei LanDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Ming FanDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Lin PengDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Xuefeng LengDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Chenghao WangDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Linrui GaoDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
Jian ZhengDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
Lei WuDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Zefen XiaoDepartment of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Wei HuangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
Ming WuDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Wencheng ZhangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
Hecheng LiDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Qifeng WangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: The comparative efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NCIT) vs neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LA-ESCC) remains controversial. Methods and materials: This multicenter retrospective cohort study included patients with LA-ESCC who received NCIT or NCRT followed by esophagectomy across 7 Chinese medical centers between January 2012 and January 2024. The primary outcomes were disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized to balance baseline covariates. Results: Among 2535 enrolled patients, 1414 received NCIT and 1121 received NCRT. After 1:1 PSM, 1258 patients (629 per group) were evaluated. With a median follow-up of 32.7 months, no significant differences were observed between the NCIT and NCRT groups in DFS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.14; 95% CI, 0.94-1.38; Conclusions: NCIT and NCRT demonstrated comparable DFS and OS. These findings suggest that both modalities are valid neoadjuvant strategies, possessing differing strengths in local vs systemic tumor control. These observations await confirmation in prospective trials.

Indexed as

ChemoradiotherapyEsophageal NeoplasmsEsophageal Squamous Cell CarcinomaImmunotherapyNeoadjuvant TherapyAgedDisease-Free SurvivalFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesTreatment Outcomedisease-free survival (DFS)locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LA-ESCC)neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NCIT)neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT)overall survival (OS)

Identifiers

PMID42516383
PMCPMC13402408

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.