Additively Manufactured Ring-Type Thermal Sensor for In-Pipe Flow Monitoring in a Marine Engineering Context: Design Evolution and Electrothermal Characterisation.

Dimitrios Nikolaos Pagonis, Christos Liosis, Antonis Vailas, Dimitris Zagklaras, Sotiria Dimitrellou, Eleni Strantzali

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Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Dimitrios Nikolaos PagonisNaval Architecture Department, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0003-4654-8728

Christos LiosisMechanical Engineering Department, University of West Attica, 12241 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-4371-480X

Antonis VailasNaval Architecture Department, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece.

Dimitris ZagklarasNaval Architecture Department, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece.

Sotiria DimitrellouNaval Architecture Department, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-7476-1502

Eleni StrantzaliNaval Architecture Department, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-8079-9494

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This work presents the design evolution, fabrication, and characterisation of an additively manufactured ring-type thermal airflow sensor for in-pipe flow monitoring, developed employing exclusively Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) additive manufacturing technology and a commercially available Carbon Nanotube (CNT)-enriched Biopolymer Polylactic Acid (PLA) composite filament. The design evolution proceeds through three progressive stages. In the first stage, a flat heater element is characterised through Constant-Current (CC) Joule heating experiments in order to derive the corresponding Temperature Coefficient of Resistance (TCR) and Thermal Resistance from the obtained experimental data. Consequently, a Finite Element Method (FEM) model implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics

Indexed as

3D printingadditive manufacturingairflow sensorCNT-PLACOMSOL FEMFDM technologyhot-ring anemometryin-pipe flow monitoringmarine industryon-site fabricationthermal sensor

Identifiers

PMID42515469

DOI10.3390/s26144586

PMCPMC13417464

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