ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026
From Prototype to Clinical Workflow: Co-Developing a Wearable Hypomimia System for Parkinson's Disease.
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Hypomimia, the reduced facial expressiveness commonly seen in Parkinson's disease (PD), is clinically relevant, yet routine assessment usually relies on a single ordinal rating item in major rating scales such as the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). This study aimed to develop and iteratively refine a wearable, cap-mounted device for hypomimia recording during routine inpatient ON/OFF assessments and to examine its usability and technical feasibility. A staged co-development process with four prototypes was conducted. After clinician workflow requirements had been incorporated, Prototype 3 was evaluated during clinical routine using the System Usability Scale (SUS) and short free-text feedback. These findings informed a patient-centered redesign that resulted in Prototype 4. Bench testing confirmed stable operation, robust housing, and reliable closed Wi-Fi streaming. Usability improved from moderate in Prototype 3 (mean SUS 44.7, SD 18.2;
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