ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Advanced Handover Decision with Mobility Awareness for 5G/6G Mobile Networks in Ultra-Dense and Smart Cities Area.
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fifth-generation advanced (5G-A) and sixth-generation (6G) networks in ultra-dense and smart cities offer an efficient solution for addressing the growing number of mobile users while ensuring high throughput and full coverage. However, the handover decision (HOD) remains a critical challenge in wireless networks, especially for high-speed users in millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication environments. The present paper proposes a mobility-awareness HOD algorithm that combines two decision algorithms: reference signal received power (RSRP) and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). The algorithm makes decisions based on real-time user experiences collected every 40 milliseconds during the user's mobility. The research was conducted using MATLAB 2023a and advanced 5G and 6G tools. All system settings, functions, mobility models, and simulation criteria were defined based on 3GPP specifications. The algorithm guarantees high-quality connectivity and smooth user transitions across 5G and 6G networks under diverse mobility conditions. The results show that Systems 2 and 4 minimize 96.97% and 99.99% of handover ping-pong (HOPP) compared with Systems 1 and 3. The simulation results reveal that the proposed algorithms in Systems 2 and 4 provide noticeable enhancements in network performance, with radio quality metrics of 16.32% and 8.04% for RSRP, 168.99% and 407.31% for SINR levels, and 55.11% and 16.04% improvements in throughput across various mobile speed scenarios compared with Systems 1 and 3.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.