ArticleToxics2026
Contamination, Source Apportionment and Probabilistic Health Risk of Potentially Toxic Elements in Surface Sediments of the Anning River Basin.
Article in Toxics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The Anning River, traversing the mineral-rich Panxi region, is highly susceptible to contamination by potentially toxic elements (PTEs). This study systematically investigated the contamination profiles, source apportionment, and probabilistic human health risks of eight PTEs in the surface sediments of the basin. Index-based evaluations revealed that Cd acts as the dominant ecological threat, exhibiting extreme enrichment, whereas V, Cr, and Ni reflect natural background signatures. Receptor modeling via Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) successfully decoupled four distinct sources: mining and smelting emissions (Cd, Zn), natural lithogenic weathering (V, Cr, Ni), mixed traffic/urban inputs (Pb, Cu), and a Tl-specific mixed source. Crucially, while deterministic approaches suggested safe exposure levels, probabilistic Monte Carlo simulations uncovered hidden vulnerabilities: children face a striking 60.51% probability of exceeding the acceptable total carcinogenic risk (TCR) threshold of 1.0 × 10
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