Observational studyPathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Impact of Universal Nirsevimab Immunoprophylaxis on RSV-Related Hospitalizations in Infants: A Two-Season Multicenter Study in Northern Italy.
Observational study in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis and hospitalization in infants worldwide. In 2024, the Piedmont region introduced universal immunoprophylaxis with Nirsevimab for all infants experiencing their first RSV season. We carried out a multicenter retrospective observational study across the three pediatric units of ASL TO4 (Ivrea, Ciriè, Chivasso), comparing bronchiolitis-related hospitalizations during the 2023-2024 season (pre-Nirsevimab) with those from the 2024-2025 season (post-Nirsevimab). The primary outcome was the proportion of RSV-positive hospitalizations. Secondary outcomes included age at admission, need for respiratory support, PICU/NICU transfer, and length of stay. Immunization coverage was assessed using the regional electronic registry. Immunization coverage exceeded 88% across all centers (overall 90.4%). A total of 179 bronchiolitis hospitalizations were recorded (134 pre- vs. 45 post-Nirsevimab). RSV-positive admissions showed a reduction from 70.9% to 55.6% after implementation (OR 0.52; 95% CI 0.24-1.09). Center-specific analyses suggested reductions in Ciriè (OR 2.48; 95% CI 1.41-4.39) and Chivasso (OR 2.28; 95% CI 1.09-4.77), with a similar trend observed in Ivrea. In a supplementary denominator-based analysis restricted to infants younger than 12 months, RSV-related hospitalization incidence decreased from 42.0 to 10.3 per 1000 infants between seasons (OR 4.23; 95% CI 2.64-6.78;
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