Yield Performance, Resource-Use Efficiency, and Economic Profitability from Adopting Soybean-Based Cotton/Maize/Sugarcane Intercropping Systems Under Arid-Irrigated Conditions.

Hassan Shehryar Yasin, Muhammad Ali Raza, Lingyang Feng, Jiqin Han

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Plants (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hassan Shehryar YasinThe College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8090-9975

Muhammad Ali RazaNational Research Center of Intercropping, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0003-3817-6848

Lingyang FengInstitute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Weifang 261325, China.

Jiqin HanThe College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2512-7855

Funding

Graduate School Grant for The Coordinated Bachelor-Master Cultivation Mechanism for Multidisciplinary Talents in International Agricultural Development from the Perspective of the Global Development Initiative Nanjing Agricultural UniversityPhilosophy and Social Science Laboratories of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Intelligent Laboratory for Big Food Security Governance and Policy Nanjing Agricultural University

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Legume intercropping is a productive diversification strategy that can improve land-use efficiency and farm profitability, particularly for smallholders. However, its adoption remains limited in resource-intensive farming systems because crop-specific agronomic performance, input-use implications, and economic feasibility are not well documented under farmer-field conditions. This four-year field study (2021-2024) evaluated four sole cropping systems (sole cotton, sole maize, sole sugarcane, and sole soybean) and three additive soybean-based intercropping systems (cotton/soybean, maize/soybean, and sugarcane/soybean) under arid-irrigated conditions. Crop yield, dry matter accumulation, nutrient uptake, land equivalent ratio for land (LER

Indexed as

agroecologycomplementaritydiversificationfarming systemssustainabilitysynchronization

Identifiers

PMID42514478

DOI10.3390/plants15142111

PMCPMC13416271

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.