Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42514020›Full record

ArticleMicroorganisms2026

Outcomes of Severe Acute Respiratory Diseases Caused by SARS-CoV-2, Influenza Virus, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus.

Theofani Rimpa, Vasileios Skouras, Stefania Loli, Zacharias Diakonikolaou, Konstantina Dede, Konstantinos Eleftheriou, Apostolos Pappas, Ioannis Kalomenidis

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Microorganisms, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Theofani Rimpa1st Department of Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evaggelismos Hospital, Ιpsilantou 45-47, 10676 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-2665-6003
Vasileios SkourasDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine, 401 General Army Hospital, 11525 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-7362-547X
Stefania Loli1st Department of Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evaggelismos Hospital, Ιpsilantou 45-47, 10676 Athens, Greece.
Zacharias Diakonikolaou1st Department of Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evaggelismos Hospital, Ιpsilantou 45-47, 10676 Athens, Greece.
Konstantina Dede1st Department of Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evaggelismos Hospital, Ιpsilantou 45-47, 10676 Athens, Greece.
Konstantinos Eleftheriou1st Department of Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evaggelismos Hospital, Ιpsilantou 45-47, 10676 Athens, Greece.
Apostolos Pappas1st Department of Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evaggelismos Hospital, Ιpsilantou 45-47, 10676 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-0908-5763
Ioannis Kalomenidis1st Department of Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evaggelismos Hospital, Ιpsilantou 45-47, 10676 Athens, Greece.

Funding

Special Account for Research Grants (ELKE) of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens n/a
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

COVID-19, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus are leading causes of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI). As viral dynamics shift post-pandemic, comparing their clinical profiles is essential for optimizing management and vaccination strategies. We conducted a retrospective observational study of adults hospitalized with PCR-confirmed COVID-19, influenza, or RSV over three consecutive seasons (2021-2024). We compared clinical features, comorbidities and outcomes, including mortality, intubation rates and respiratory deterioration. Multivariable analyses were performed where virus was the independent variable and respiratory deterioration, intubation rate and mortality, Charlson Comorbidity Index, smoking status and pneumonia were co-variates. 263 patients were analyzed. Key findings revealed distinct clinical profiles: influenza patients were significantly younger, while COVID-19 was the predominant cause of viral pneumonia. RSV patients presented with the most severe oxygenation deficit upon admission and experienced the highest rate of respiratory deterioration (28%). Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that pneumonia [OR 2.81, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.23-6.43,

Indexed as

COVID-19InfluenzaRSVviral disease

Identifiers

PMID42514020
PMCPMC13414054

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.