Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42513094›Full record

ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Residual Stress in Epoxy-Based Insulators: Formation, Detection, and Reliability.

Jin Li, Siyuan Chen, Hucheng Liang, Boxue Du

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Jin LiState Key Laboratory of Smart Power Distribution Equipment and System, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.ORCID 0000-0002-1268-8864
Siyuan ChenState Key Laboratory of Smart Power Distribution Equipment and System, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
Hucheng LiangState Key Laboratory of Smart Power Distribution Equipment and System, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
Boxue DuState Key Laboratory of Smart Power Distribution Equipment and System, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7500-1134

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 52220105002National Natural Science Foundation of China 52377153Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China 52039925000C-101-ZN
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gas-insulated switchgears (GISs) and gas-insulated transmission lines (GILs) are essential for large-capacity power transmission in demanding environments, such as high drops, large spans, and heavy pollution. As the core components providing both electrical insulation and mechanical support, ultra-high voltage (UHV) epoxy-based insulators often suffer from high internal residual stress. This issue, compounded by a lack of reliable detection methods, frequently results in equipment being commissioned with hidden defects. To address this, this review first examines the formation mechanisms of curing deformation and residual stress in oversized insulators based on cure kinetics and thermo-chemical coupling models. Subsequently, it provides a comprehensive summary of current residual stress measurement techniques, comparing the applicability and limitations of embedded sensors, direct mechanical measurements, and indirect non-destructive testing (NDT) methods. Finally, by coupling residual stress with filler sedimentation, the stress distribution patterns and mechanical reliability of epoxy-based insulators across different life-cycle stages are analyzed. These insights offer valuable theoretical references for the structural design, process optimization, and performance evaluation of oversized epoxy-based insulators, ultimately contributing to the intrinsic safety of UHV power equipment.

Indexed as

detection methodepoxy-based insulatorGILmechanical reliabilityresidual stress

Identifiers

PMID42513094
PMCPMC13414291

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.