Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42512290›Full record

ReviewCancers2026

Epigenetic Alterations in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Mechanisms and Biomarkers for Precision Therapy.

Binru Cai, Duoduo Lv, Qiang Qiu, Wenju Xiong, Heyu Tang, Yixiao Bai, Sicheng Zhou, Yiguo Hu, Rifaat Safadi, Chengdi Wang and 1 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cancers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Binru CaiCenter of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Duoduo LvCenter of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.ORCID 0009-0007-1190-6667
Qiang QiuDepartment of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Wenju XiongDepartment of Head and Neck Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Heyu TangDivision of Cellular and Molecular Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-7341-2121
Yixiao BaiCenter of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Sicheng ZhouCenter of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Yiguo HuState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.ORCID 0000-0002-3973-2140
Rifaat SafadiThe Liver Institute, Hadassah Medical Organization, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, P.O. Box 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
Chengdi WangDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Lingyun ZhouCenter of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.ORCID 0000-0002-6756-6725

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 2024-KP03-00018-SN
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, is driven by complex interactions between genetic mutations and reversible epigenetic alterations. Among these, aberrant DNA methylation, histone modifications, and dysregulated noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play central roles in hepatocarcinogenesis, tumor progression, and therapy resistance. Epigenetic changes not only regulate key oncogenic pathways, including JAK/STAT and RAS, but also contribute to tumor immune evasion and heterogeneity. Unlike genetic mutations, epigenetic alterations are reversible, offering unique opportunities for therapeutic targeting. This review highlights recent advances in understanding the epigenetic landscape of HCC, identifies promising biomarkers for early detection and prognosis, and evaluates emerging epigenetic therapies (including DNMT, HDAC, and BET inhibitors as well as ncRNA-based strategies). Although these therapies have shown tumor-suppressive or treatment-sensitizing effects in preclinical models, their clinical translation remains limited by modest efficacy, small early-phase trials, treatment-related adverse events, and insufficient biomarker-guided patient selection. These insights may support more precise diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for HCC.

Indexed as

biomarkersepigenetic alterationsepigenetic therapyhepatocellular carcinomanoncoding RNAs

Identifiers

PMID42512290
PMCPMC13407278

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.