Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42512209›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2026

Volatile Organic Compound Metabolites Are Found in the Urine of Breastfed Infants Whose Mothers Use Cannabis: The Lactation and Cannabis (LAC) Study.

Shelby Samartino, Benjamin Blount, Christopher Reese, Lanqing Wang, David R Gang, Celestina Barbosa-Leiker, Elizabeth A Holdsworth, Janet E Williams, Mark A McGuire, Michelle K McGuire and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Shelby SamartinoDepartment of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
Benjamin BlountDivision of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4788-8169
Christopher ReeseDivision of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7613-6831
Lanqing WangDivision of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6620-7096
David R GangInstitute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
Celestina Barbosa-LeikerCollege of Health and Human Development, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5576-4150
Elizabeth A HoldsworthDepartment of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6095-2378
Janet E WilliamsDepartment of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA.
Mark A McGuireDepartment of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5513-8424
Michelle K McGuireMargaret Ritchie School of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8214-2229
Courtney L MeehanDepartment of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2034-652X

Funding

Cannabis, Human Milk, and Multi-omicsR21HD113959 · NICHD · WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY · PI MEEHAN, COURTNEY LYNNE · 2024 to 2025
$460k
NICHD NIH HHS R21 HD113959NIH HHS 1R21HD113959-23State of Washington Initiative Measure No. 171 and in part by funds provided by the State of Washington Initiative Measure No. 502 NA
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cannabis use among breastfeeding women is increasing. While studies have shown that cannabinoids transfer into human milk, whether breastfed infants of mothers who use cannabis are exposed to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is not known. Here, we characterized VOC metabolite concentrations in urine produced by exclusively breastfed infants whose mothers used cannabis. Relationships between infant urinary VOC metabolite concentrations and milk delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆

Indexed as

Breast FeedingMarijuana SmokingMilk, HumanVolatile Organic CompoundsAdultCannabisDronabinolFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornLactationMaleOregonWashingtonYoung AdultDronabinolVolatile Organic Compoundsbreastfeedingcannabisinfant exposurelactationvolatile organic compounds

Identifiers

PMID42512209
PMCPMC13410178

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.