ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
A Review on Environmental Occurrence and Toxicity of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Its Selected Short-Chain Analogs-Perfluorohexanoic Acid and Perfluorobutanoic Acid.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In this review, the occurrence of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in the environment and human surroundings, as well as its toxic action and its selected short-chain analogs-perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) and perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA)-has been described. These substances belong to a group of polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) that are widely represented in various compartments of the environment, including the air, water and soil. They are also present in food, drinking water and dust, which are the main sources of exposure for humans to these substances. Due to their physico-chemical properties, PFASs are resistant to degradation in the biosphere and therefore effectively accumulate in biota, including humans. PFOA has been produced for decades, but due to its toxicity, it was subsequently replaced by PFASs with a shorter chain, including PFHxA and PFBA, whose presence in the environment, as well as risk of human exposure and toxicity, has been poorly investigated. It has been proven that PFOA has hepatotoxic and endocrine-disrupting activities, as well as prooxidative, immunotoxic, epigenetic and carcinogenic potential. Previously conducted studies have shown that PFHxA and PFBA are less toxic than PFOA; nevertheless, additional extensive studies should be conducted in order to determine the environmental and toxicological status of these compounds.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.