Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42511038›Full record

ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2026

Genetic Heterogeneity of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) in Wild Boars in Italy.

Vittorio Sarchese, Federica Di Profio, Matteo Carnevale, Roberta Battistini, Barbara Moroni, Lisa Guardone, Serena Robetto, Riccardo Orusa, Fulvio Marsilio, Vito Martella and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Vittorio SarcheseDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Università Degli Studi di Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2294-1624
Federica Di ProfioDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Università Degli Studi di Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7190-3835
Matteo CarnevaleDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Università Degli Studi di Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy.ORCID 0009-0000-6982-6976
Roberta BattistiniDepartment of S.S. Levante Ligure, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Degli Stagnoni 96, 19100 La Spezia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1470-3941
Barbara MoroniIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1478-8436
Lisa GuardoneDepartment of S.S. Levante Ligure, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Degli Stagnoni 96, 19100 La Spezia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3018-8086
Serena RobettoCentro di Referenza Nazionale per le Malattie Degli Animali Selvatici (CeRMAS), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Della Liguria e Della Valle d'Aosta, 11020 Quart, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6667-3425
Riccardo OrusaCentro di Referenza Nazionale per le Malattie Degli Animali Selvatici (CeRMAS), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Della Liguria e Della Valle d'Aosta, 11020 Quart, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9027-1642
Fulvio MarsilioDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Università Degli Studi di Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9552-1199
Vito MartellaDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, S.p. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5740-6947
Barbara Di MartinoDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Università Degli Studi di Teramo, Località Piano D'Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6192-7166

Funding

Ministero della Salute Hepatotropic Virus Hunting: indagine virologica nella fauna selvatica in un contesto integrato di One Health" (IZS PLV 08/22 Ricerca Corrente)Ministero della Salute Public health issues associated to wildlife in North Italy: One Health Approach" (Ricerca Finalizzata GR-2021-12374932)Ministero della Salute Ruvirome (Ruminant virome): Virus discovery nell'interfaccia domestico/selvatico in una prospettiva olistica" (IZS PLV 09/23 RC)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen in Europe, where most autochthonous infections are caused by genotype 3 (HEV-3) and are due to ingestion of raw or undercooked pork meat products. Pigs and wild boars are recognized as the main reservoirs of infection. In this study, we investigated the epidemiology of HEV in wild boars from the Liguria and Piedmont regions (northwestern Italy) by screening, molecularly, a total of 98 liver samples from Liguria (n = 66, collected during the 2023-2024 hunting seasons) and Piedmont (n = 32, collected during 2022-2025) regions. HEV RNA was detected in 11 out of 98 liver samples, with an overall prevalence of 11.2%, a finding consistent with a significant viral circulation within the investigated animal population. Molecular characterization of the partial capsid coding gene was successfully achieved for eight strains revealing genetic heterogeneity and a diverse spatial distribution of the viral strains identified, with subtype 3a detected in Liguria and subtypes 3c and 3f identified in Piedmont.

Indexed as

genetic heterogeneityHepatitis E virusItalymolecular epidemiologywild boar

Identifiers

PMID42511038
PMCPMC13405154

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.