Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42511024›Full record

ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2026

The Artificial-Feeding System with a Lactic Acid Bacteria-Fermented Diet, Compared with Parent Feeding, Is Associated with Tract-Wide Microbiota Shifts and Coordinated Developmental Indices in Squabs.

Qijun Liang, Jinquan Xi, Shihong Liu, Tieshan Xu, Xinli Zheng, Li Zhang, Shudai Lin, Lizhi Lu, Zongxi Cao, Asmaa Taha Yaseen Kishawy and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Qijun LiangInstitute of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China.
Jinquan XiInstitute of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China.
Shihong LiuHaikou Coconut Pigeon Delicacy Breeding Co., Ltd., Haikou 571100, China.
Tieshan XuTropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
Xinli ZhengInstitute of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China.
Li ZhangCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
Shudai LinCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
Lizhi LuState Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
Zongxi CaoInstitute of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China.
Asmaa Taha Yaseen KishawyDepartment of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44500, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-9847-3097
Lihong GuInstitute of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China.

Funding

Department of Science and Technology of Hainan Province ZDYF2024YJGG003-5Department of Science and Technology of Hainan Province ZDYF2025XDNY080Hainan Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences HAAS2025MLXXQ01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Early-life dietary transition is a critical window for gut microbiota assembly and intestinal maturation in squabs. This study compared the overall artificial-feeding system using a lactic acid bacteria-fermented diet (AF) with a parent-feeding system (PF) during 18-25 days of age. Because AF differed from PF in both diet exposure and feeding ecology, including manual feeding, absence of parental feeding and crop milk, altered feeding rhythm, and potential loss of parental microbial transmission, the objective was to characterize associations between the two systems rather than to isolate the effect of fermentation alone. Squabs were assigned to AF or PF for 7 days. Microbial communities in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and rectum were profiled by 16S rRNA sequencing, and body size traits, organ indices, jejunal morphology, muscle histology, serum biochemical indicators, and muscle composition were assessed. The AF system, characterized by lower pH, a higher acid value, and detectable lactic acid bacteria in the feed, was associated with higher alpha diversity in multiple segments and distinct beta-diversity profiles relative to PF. Across intestinal regions, lactobacilli-related genera were enriched, with

Indexed as

artificial feedingfermented dietgut microbiotaLimosilactobacillussquab

Identifiers

PMID42511024
PMCPMC13405684

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.