Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42509726›Full record

ReviewBiomolecules2026

Overcoming the Druggability Hurdles of Celastrol: A Critical Review of Advanced Drug Delivery Strategies.

Keren Xu, Yue Wang, Hong Wang, Xuanrong Sun, Zhikun Yang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biomolecules, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Keren XuCollege of Pharmaceutical Science & Jianxing Honors College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.ORCID 0009-0000-7170-7407
Yue WangCollege of Pharmaceutical Science & Jianxing Honors College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
Hong WangCollege of Pharmaceutical Science & Jianxing Honors College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0058-060X
Xuanrong SunCollege of Pharmaceutical Science & Jianxing Honors College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5414-9300
Zhikun YangCollege of Pharmaceutical Science & Jianxing Honors College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.ORCID 0000-0003-4176-2071

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2023YFA1506403National Natural Science Foundation of China 42276137National Natural Science Foundation of China 82404506National Natural Science Foundation of China W2412100
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Celastrol, one of the top five traditional natural products with high potential for modern drug development, exerts potent broad-spectrum biological activities, yet its poor aqueous solubility, low bioavailability, potential toxicity, and limited selectivity severely compromise its drug-likeness. Advanced drug delivery strategies, mainly including multifunctional polymer/lipid/protein-based organic nanoparticles, metal/silica-based inorganic nanoparticles, vesicles represented by liposomes, and nanoemulsions, are expected to overcome these druggability hurdles of celastrol via oral, transdermal or intravenous administration. This review summarizes recent progress in a series of celastrol formulations, including novel dosage forms and delivery routes accompanied with consequential pharmacological effects and mechanisms of action, which have the potential to bring about better druggability conducive to future medical treatment.

Indexed as

Drug Delivery SystemsPentacyclic TriterpenesAnimalsHumansNanoparticlesTriterpenescelastrolPentacyclic TriterpenesTriterpenescelastroldelivery systemsemulsionsnanoparticlesvesicles

Identifiers

PMID42509726
PMCPMC13406348

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.