ArticleChinese medicine2026
Macrophage membrane-functionalized biomimetic Yiqi Huoxue formula nanoparticles improve atherosclerosis by regulating smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition via the KLF4/NF-κB pathway.
Article in Chinese medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the active ingredients of the compound preparation of Yiqi Huoxue (YQHX) and evaluate the therapeutic effect of its nanoparticles (MM/YQHXF-NPs) on atherosclerosis (AS). First, the active ingredient in the YQHX formulation was identified by LC-MS analysis. Subsequently, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) tests particle size. Mapping tests nanoparticle surface elements. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) tests nanoparticle size and distribution. ZETA tests nanoparticle surface potential. HPLC tests drug release. The results showed that these nanoparticles were spherical, approximately 100 nm in size, and had good dispersion. The P element content of MM/YQHXF-NPs increased after cell membrane coating, and their hydrodynamic size also increased accordingly, but the Polymer dispersity index (PDI) value was low, indicating good monodispersity. In addition, the nanoparticle surface had a weak negative charge, the encapsulation efficiency of YQHXF was 59.4%, and the drug loading rate was 5.61%. In cell-based experiments, MM/YQHXF-NPs showed no cytotoxicity towards A7r5 cells at a concentration of 150 μg/mL. The study found that ox-LDL-induced A7r5 cell-to-foam cell transformation was significantly inhibited. Oil Red O staining revealed that MM/YQHXF-NPs reduced lipid accumulation. In addition, YQHXF and its active component, salvianolic acid B, can inhibit the foam cell formation of A7r5 cells. Furthermore, MM/YQHXF-NPs modulated the phenotype of smooth muscle cells, inhibiting the expression of genes such as Myh9, Icam-1, Vcam-1, Tnfrsf11b, Cd68, Lgals3, and Abca1, while promoting the expression of Myh11 and Smtn. Mechanistic studies revealed that MM/YQHXF-NPs exerted their effects by inhibiting the Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and NF-κB signaling pathways. In a high-fat diet, ApoE
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.