Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42507275›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2026

Prevalence, risk factors, clinical characteristics and outcomes of tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in a HIV and tuberculosis low-incidence setting.

Chiara Sepulcri, Lorenzo Crupi, Emanuele Delfino, Lucia Taramasso, Matteo Bassetti, Antonio Di Biagio

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Article in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Chiara SepulcriDepartment of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, Via Pastore, 1, Genoa, 16132, Italy. chiara.sepulcri@gmail.com.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-436X
Lorenzo CrupiInfectious Diseases Unit, ASL5 Liguria, La Spezia, Italy.
Emanuele DelfinoInfectious Diseases Unit, AOM - IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
Lucia TaramassoInfectious Diseases Unit, AOM - IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
Matteo BassettiDepartment of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, Via Pastore, 1, Genoa, 16132, Italy.
Antonio Di BiagioDepartment of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genova, Via Pastore, 1, Genoa, 16132, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMost data on tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) in people living with HIV (PWH) come from high TB/HIV-incidence settings. We described TB-IRIS in a low-incidence setting and applied International Network for the Study of HIV-associated IRIS (INSHI) case definitions.

methodsSingle-center retrospective study in Italy including PWH with TB (2013-2023).

resultsAmong 21 PWH, 2 developed unmasking and 3 paradoxical TB-IRIS, diagnosed with radiology, histology, clinical parameters and inflammatory markers. Disseminated TB and shorter TB-treatment-to-ART intervals were more common in IRIS. One paradoxical case would have been missed by INSHI criteria.

conclusionTB-IRIS was common; inflammatory markers could aid diagnosis.

Indexed as

Disseminated TBDolutegravirImmune reconstitution inflammatory syndromeSteroid prophylaxis

Identifiers

PMID42507275

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