SynthesisBioMed research international2026
Efficacy of Cold Atmospheric Plasma Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies.
Synthesis in BioMed research international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Efficacy of Cold Atmospheric Plasma Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies.BioMed research international · 2026Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus poses a serious threat to global health due to its resistance to conventional antibiotics and its ability to form resilient biofilms. Cold atmospheric plasma has emerged as a promising alternative for microbial biofilm inactivation.
objectiveTo systematically evaluate the in vitro efficacy of cold atmospheric plasma in disrupting or eradicating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms and to identify factors influencing treatment outcomes
methodsA comprehensive search was conducted in five databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) for in vitro studies published up to July 2025. Eligible studies assessed cold atmospheric plasma effects on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. Data were extracted on study characteristics, cold atmospheric plasma device parameters, exposure conditions, and microbial outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed using a modified version of the ToxRTool.
resultsSeventeen in vitro studies were included. Most studies originated from European countries (n = 10), with a peak in publications observed in 2021. Dielectric barrier discharge and plasma jets were the most common devices. Air-based plasmas were the most commonly used in 12 studies, followed by helium. All studies reported cold atmospheric plasma-mediated reductions in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm load, with log
conclusionsThese findings suggest that cold atmospheric plasma may have potential as an adjunctive strategy for biofilm-related infection control, although further standardized and clinically relevant studies are needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.