Integrated Venom Gland Transcriptomic and Venom Proteomic Analyses of the Digger Wasp

Kohei Kazuma, Naoki Tani, Katsuhiro Konno, Migaku Kawaguchi, Hidetoshi Inagaki

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Toxins, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Kohei KazumaGeneral Research Institute, Okinawa Churashima Foundation, 888 Aza Ishikawa, Motobu-cho, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa 905-0206, Okinawa, Japan.

Naoki TaniLiaison Laboratory Research Promotion Center, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Kumamoto, Japan.

Katsuhiro KonnoGraduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8572, Miyagi, Japan.

Migaku KawaguchiResearch Institute for Material and Chemical Measurement, National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8563, Ibaraki, Japan.

Hidetoshi InagakiMolecular Biosystems Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8566, Ibaraki, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Digger wasps are solitary apoid wasps that excavate ground nests and use venom to paralyze insect prey. Recent phylogenetic analyses suggest that digger wasps belong to an ancient lineage of aculeate Hymenoptera and share an evolutionary ancestry with other venomous hymenopterans, including bees and ants. Although the venoms of ants, bees, and social wasps have been extensively studied, those of digger wasps remain poorly characterized in terms of their composition, molecular diversity, and biological activity. In this study, we investigated the venom of the digger wasp

Indexed as

Insect ProteinsWaspsWasp VenomsAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsExocrine GlandsProteomeRatsSpectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationTranscriptomeInsect ProteinsProteomeWasp Venomsapoid waspCerceris japonicadigger wasphymenopteravenom evolution

Identifiers

PMID42506727

DOI10.3390/toxins18070307

PMCPMC13418622

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.