ReviewMetabolites2026
Candidate Metabolic Biomarkers for Physical Fatigue Assessment: An Integrative Meta-Analysis and Exploratory Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Pilot Study of Acute Exercise Responses.
Review in Metabolites, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundObjective body-fluid biomarkers may help characterize exercise-induced physical fatigue; however, heterogeneity in exercise protocols, biological matrices, and analytical platforms complicates biomarker interpretation. PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify candidate acute exercise-responsive metabolic biomarkers associated with physical fatigue assessment by integrating conventional biomarker evidence, exercise-related metabolomics, and exploratory targeted Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis.
methodsWe conducted three complementary analyses: (1) a systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of quantitative biomarkers measured in body-fluid matrices, including blood, plasma, serum, saliva, sweat, urine, and interstitial fluid, at pre-exercise and post-exercise time points; (2) a descriptive fold-change-based synthesis of exercise-related metabolomics studies; and (3) an exploratory paired plasma-saliva liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry pilot analysis in seven apparently healthy young male volunteers. Eligible studies included apparently healthy human participants without reported acute or chronic diseases, major injuries, pregnancy, or clinically diagnosed pathological fatigue, undergoing endurance, resistance, high-intensity interval, or mixed exercise protocols. Biomarkers reported in ≥10 independent comparisons were pooled using log-transformed post-exercise/pre-exercise response ratios.
resultsThe systematic review and meta-analysis included 110 articles, 129 experiments, and 1826 participants. Lactate showed the strongest pooled response after exercise (response ratio = 4.43, 95% CI: 3.74-5.25,
conclusionsLactate, pyruvate, hypoxanthine, and xanthine represent candidate metabolism-based acute exercise-responsive biomarkers associated with physical fatigue. However, their fatigue specificity remains to be established and requires validation using independent fatigue criteria, non-fatiguing exercise controls, matrix-specific analyses, and adequately powered diverse cohorts.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.