ArticleMedical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Association Between Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Lymphocyte Profile in People Living with HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionUltra-processed foods (UPFs) are characterized by high levels of additives such as sugars, fats, and preservatives and, due to their composition, represent a major public health concern, being associated with several adverse effects, including impacts on the immune system. People living with HIV (PLHIV) present immune dysfunctions resulting from viral infection and may therefore be particularly vulnerable to the effects of UPF consumption. In this context, investigating this association is necessary to support healthcare strategies and improve assistance for PLHIV.
objectiveTo investigate the relationship between UPF consumption and the lymphocyte profile of PLHIV.
methodsThis was a cross-sectional study. PLHIV receiving outpatient follow-up care for at least six months participated in the study and were categorized according to UPF consumption (≤2 times/week; >2 times/week). Sociodemographic data, UPF consumption assessed through a food frequency questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, and blood samples were collected. Association, comparison, and correlation tests were performed, with statistical significance set at
resultsA total of 92 PLHIV participated in the study, with a mean age of 43.0 ± 12.0 years. PLHIV with higher UPF consumption presented lower counts of CD3+ lymphocytes (
conclusionsHigh UPF consumption was associated with lower lymphocyte counts in PLHIV, suggesting a potential association between dietary patterns and immune status. Therefore, the implementation of public health policies and nutritional follow-up is necessary to reduce UPF consumption and promote healthy eating among PLHIV.
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