ArticleMedical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Exercise-Induced ECG Abnormalities in Pediatric Pectus Excavatum: Evidence of Right Ventricular Compression Beyond the Haller Index.
Article in Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundPectus excavatum (PEX) is the most common congenital chest wall deformity and may result in cardiac compression and arrhythmias. The relationship between structural severity and exercise-induced electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities in pediatric patients remains unclear.
methodsWe performed a retrospective study of patients aged 10-19 years that underwent standardized preoperative evaluation for PEX between 2015 and 2021, including ECG, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), computed tomography (CT), and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). PEX severity was assessed using the Haller index (HI), while right ventricular (RV) compression was evaluated on CT. Tricuspid valve annular size (TVAS) on TTE was used as a surrogate marker of RV compression. Exercise-induced ECG abnormalities, including premature ventricular complexes (PVCs), were analyzed and correlated with HI, RV compression, and TVAS.
resultsAmong 124 patients (85% male; median age 15 years), 33% exhibited exercise-induced ECG abnormalities, most commonly PVCs (24% overall). PVC occurrence was not associated with Haller index severity (
conclusionsExercise-induced ventricular ectopy in pediatric PEX is associated with right ventricular compression rather than structural severity as defined by HI. Echocardiographic measures such as TVAS may serve as noninvasive markers of clinically significant compression. These findings highlight the importance of cardiac-thoracic relationships in predicting arrhythmic risk and suggest a potential for reversibility with surgical correction.
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