ReviewMembranes2026
External Microplastic Filters for Washing Machines: Advances, Technical Challenges, and Biofouling Mitigation.
Review in Membranes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Laundry-derived microplastic fibers are major source of environmental microplastic pollution. Because conventional wastewater treatment processes cannot completely remove fibrous microplastics, washing machine-mounted filters have been developed as a promising source-control approach for the reduction in microfiber emissions. This review thus summarizes recent advances in external filtration systems and membrane-based technologies for laundry wastewater treatment. The characteristics of laundry wastewater, microfiber release behavior, and recent regulatory trends are discussed together with the performance of commercially available filtration systems. The applicability of advanced membrane materials, including ceramic membranes, for high-efficiency microfiber separation is also highlighted. Particular attention is given to the microbial contamination and biofouling of microplastic filters, which can affect their filtration efficiency, operational stability, and household hygiene. This review also discusses the potential reuse of captured microplastics for membrane fabrication as a sustainable pathway for waste valorization and circular resource utilization. Finally, current limitations and future perspectives for the development of efficient, hygienic, and sustainable laundry microplastic filtration technologies are discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.