ArticleJournal of Intelligence2026
The Strategic Prompting Scale (SPS) for Measuring Metacognitive Regulation in Human-AI Interaction.
Article in Journal of Intelligence, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- From Confidence to Commitment: Self-Perceived Competence and the Motivational Pathways to Intellectual Engagement with AI Learning Tools.Journal of Intelligence · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
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Abstract
The increasing use of Neural Language Models (NLMs) calls for strategic and metacognitive skills in prompt formulation, monitoring, and adaptation. This study presents the Strategic Prompting Scale (SPS), designed to measure the extent to which users apply planning, adaptation, and evaluation strategies during interactions with generative language models. After expert review and pilot testing, an exploratory factor analysis with 187 participants revealed a three-factor structure-Planning, Adaptation, and Evaluation-explaining 60.4% of the total variance. The final 15-item scale demonstrated good internal consistency. Confirmatory factor analysis with an independent sample of 406 participants supported the proposed factor structure. The SPS also showed theoretically expected associations with related constructs, including positive correlations with metacognition and critical thinking, and negative correlations with disengagement in AI interaction. Overall, the findings provide preliminary psychometric evidence for the SPS as a theory-driven instrument to assess metacognitive regulation and self-regulated behaviors in generative AI use, with potential applications in educational, professional, and research contexts.
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