ArticleJournal of cardiovascular development and disease2026
QRS Area Before and After Upgrading to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Is Not Sufficient to Predict Outcome.
Article in Journal of cardiovascular development and disease, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
QRS area reflects ventricular electrical dyssynchrony and is a stronger predictor of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) outcome than QRS duration/morphology. Data on QRS area in patients upgraded from right ventricular pacing to CRT are scarce. We investigated whether QRS area and the difference with biventricular paced QRS area (ΔQRS) in CRT-upgraded patients are associated with clinical outcome and echocardiographic response. This retrospective multicenter study included patients upgraded to CRT. Median values were used as a cut-off for (Δ)QRS area. The primary composite outcome was all-cause mortality, heart transplantation or left ventricular assist device. Secondary outcomes were heart failure hospitalization (HFH) and ≥15% reduction in left ventricular end-systolic volume. A total of 303 patients were included (age 69 ± 11 years, 75% male, 50% ischemic cardiomyopathy). Median LVEF was 26% [25-34]; baseline QRS area was 132 µVs [97-162], which reduced to 90 µVs [61-122] with CRT (
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