Bio-Inspired Enhanced Adaptive Centered Collision Optimizer for Hyperparameter Optimization of Multi-Scale Spatio-Temporal ConvNeXt in Boxing Action Recognition.

Accurate boxing action recognition is critical for intelligent combat training, action quality assessment, and sports injury prevention. However, existing deep learning approaches face three key challenges: limited feature extraction for high-speed non-rigid boxing motions, weak robustness against background interference and occlusion, and performance instability from labor-intensive manual hyperparameter tuning. Furthermore, the original Centered Collision Optimizer (CCO), a biomimetic algorithm inspired by celestial collision dynamics, suffers from insufficient population diversity, poor adaptive regulation, and premature convergence in high-dimensional hyperparameter optimization tasks. To address these issues, this paper proposes a novel biomimetic optimization-driven boxing action recognition framework, where an Enhanced Adaptive Centered Collision Optimizer (EACCO) automatically optimizes the hyperparameters of a Multi-Scale Spatio-Temporal Adaptive ConvNeXt (MSTA-ConvNeXt) network. First, the MSTA-ConvNeXt backbone integrates multi-scale dynamic deformable convolution, a Bi-GRU spatio-temporal fusion module, and a dual-channel attention mechanism to enhance fine-grained feature extraction and temporal modeling. Second, three biomimetic improvements are introduced to CCO: Tent chaotic elite opposition-based initialization, adaptive nonlinear convergence factor with dynamic weight guidance, and adaptive Gaussian-Cauchy hybrid mutation, which balance exploration and exploitation and avoid local optima. Experiments on two public benchmark datasets show that the proposed framework achieves 96.1% accuracy, 95.9% precision, 95.7% recall, and 95.8% F1-score on the Boxing Jab Skeleton Dataset, and 95.4% accuracy, 95.2% precision, 94.9% recall, and 95.0% F1-score on the Olympic Boxing dataset, outperforming all state-of-the-art methods. Ablation studies validate the effectiveness of each EACCO component and confirm that this biomimetic hyperparameter optimization approach outperforms manual tuning and other popular optimizers. This work provides an effective biomimetic optimization solution for intelligent sports action recognition.