ArticleJournal of blood medicine2026
Haematological Recovery After Discontinuation of Co-Trimoxazole Prophylaxis Among People Living with HIV at an Urban Centre in Uganda: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of blood medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Co-trimoxazole (CTX) prophylaxis among people living with HIV (PLWH) significantly reduces HIV-related morbidity and mortality due to bacterial infections and malaria, especially those with advanced HIV disease. CTX prophylaxis is associated with cytopenias, particularly anemia and neutropenia. However, the proportion and factors associated with hematological recovery (resolution of cytopenias) after discontinuation of CTX prophylaxis have not been fully investigated. Participants and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using electronic medical records of PLWH with anemia (hemoglobin [Hb]<11g/dl for females and Hb<12g/dl for males) and/or neutropenia (neutrophil count <1×10 Results: The median (IQR) age of the participants was 46 (39-52) years, and the majority were females (68.1%). Of 263 study participants, the proportions of Hb recovery and neutrophil count recovery were 42.9% and 81.1%, respectively. Overweight participants were less likely to experience Hb recovery (AOR=0.33, CI: 0.12-0.93), and males were less likely to have neutrophil count recovery (AOR=0.28, CI: 0.10-0.92). Conclusion: A significant proportion of PLWH who had cytopenias before discontinuation of CTX prophylaxis experienced haematological recovery after discontinuation of CTX prophylaxis. Therefore, discontinuation of CTX prophylaxis may be considered among PLWH during the management of persistent anemia and/or neutropenia.
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