ArticleAnnals of medicine2026
Long-term causes of death in 888,003 ischemic stroke patients in Thailand: a nationwide retrospective study with 18-year follow-up.
Article in Annals of medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIschemic stroke (IS) remains a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide, although the causes of death after stroke have changed. Long-term mortality data from low- and middle-income countries are limited. We investigated the fatality rates and causes of death in patients with IS in Thailand within and beyond 30 days post-discharge.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective descriptive study using national hospital database records from 2004-2022. Patients with IS (ICD-10 code I63) were included without age or sex restrictions, with death status followed through 2022. The causes of death included stroke, complications, comorbidities, accidents, suicide, and unknown causes. Mortality was analyzed during hospitalization and ≤30 and >30 days post-discharge.
resultsAmong 888,003 patients with IS, the overall mortality was 47.6%: in-hospital 6.4%; ≤30 days post-discharge 8.2%; and >30 days post-discharge 33.1%. Mortality rates increased notably with age, exceeding 80% in those aged > 85 years. Stroke caused most in-hospital (58.6%) and short-term deaths (29.1%), whereas long-term mortality was primarily due to complications (30.7%) and comorbidities (30.5%). The leading comorbid causes were heart disease, dementia, and neoplasm; while pneumonia and sepsis were the primary fatal complications. Age-related debility, COVID-19 infection, and cardiovascular collapse were other major causes.
conclusionThis nationwide study revealed dynamic changes in post-IS causes, with stroke predominating early deaths, while complications and comorbidities determined long-term outcomes. These findings highlight the need for integrated acute and post-discharge stroke care strategies targeting infection prevention, comorbidity management, and elder care.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.