Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42504088›Full record

ArticleJournal of nursing management2026

Validation and Application of the Chinese Integral Nursing Leadership Scale Among Clinical Nurses.

Jingjing Zhang, Wenyi Jiang, Xinyu He, Lingli Hou, Yixuan Dai, Nixi Luo, Ya Yang, Jihui Lin, Congxia Hu

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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of nursing management, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jingjing ZhangDepartment of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China, swmu.edu.cn.
Wenyi JiangDepartment of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China, swmu.edu.cn.
Xinyu HeDepartment of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China, swmu.edu.cn.
Lingli HouDepartment of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China, swmu.edu.cn.
Yixuan DaiDepartment of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China, swmu.edu.cn.
Nixi LuoDepartment of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China, swmu.edu.cn.
Ya YangDepartment of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China, swmu.edu.cn.
Jihui LinDepartment of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China, swmu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6874-4714
Congxia HuDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China, scu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9875-5910

Funding

Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University 25050Luzhou Science and Technology Bureau 2025JYJ070Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program 2025ZNSFSC0676Southwest Medical University 2025JC012
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe leadership of nurse managers critically influences the development of nursing teams and advancement of healthcare institutions. However, no validated instrument exists to assess integral leadership among Chinese nurse managers. Recently, the Integral Nursing Leadership Scale (INLS) has been developed and applied.

aimTo translate the INLS into Chinese, validate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version (CV-INLS), and explore clinical nurses' evaluations of integral nursing leadership among nurse managers.

methodsThe INLS was translated into Chinese according to Brislin guidelines. A convenience sample of 662 nurses completed the 30-item CV-INLS. The psychometric properties of CV-INLS, including structural validity and reliability, were evaluated following COSMIN guidelines. The validated CV-INLS was subsequently used to assess clinical nurses' perceptions of integral nursing leadership among Chinese nurse managers (n = 1, 023).

resultsThe content validity (I-CVI = 0.929-1.000, S-CVI/AVE = 0.993) of the CV-INLS was satisfactory. Structural validity supported the four-factor model with an acceptable model fit in the confirmatory factor analysis (CFI = 0.973, TLI = 0.970, RMSEA = 0.069, SRMR = 0.050). Multigroup CFA supported measurement invariance across age and education groups (configural, metric, and scalar/threshold invariance). Construct validity was supported by evidence of convergent and discriminant validity. In addition, excellent reliability was shown with an ordinal α of 0.942, ω of 0.943, and an ICC of 0.987. In the validation sample, the clinical nurses' evaluations of nursing managers indicated moderately high leadership levels, with an overall CV-INLS total score of 118.04 ± 29.69. Perceived integral nursing leadership levels were associated with age (30-39 years), educational level (bachelor's degree or higher), years of experience (10 years or more), and working in an ICU setting.

conclusionsThe CV-INLS showed strong psychometric properties and can be used to assess perceived integral nursing leadership among nurse managers. Perceived integral nursing leadership was moderately high among nurses in the surveyed tertiary hospitals. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: The CV-INLS may provide useful insights into perceived integral nursing leadership among nurse managers and inform leadership development in tertiary hospital settings.

Indexed as

LeadershipNurse AdministratorsPsychometricsAdultChinaFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and QuestionnairesTranslatingcultural adaptationintegral nursing leadershipnursing managementreliabilityvalidity

Identifiers

PMID42504088
PMCPMC13402858

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.