Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42503507›Full record

ArticleGenome biology2026

IDEAL-Age: an interpretable deep learning framework for single-cell resolution profiling of immunological aging.

Yin Xu, Zhengchao Luo, Kai He, Feifan Zhang, Yawei Zhang, Jinzhuo Wang, Han Wen, Yongge Li, Dali Han

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Yin Xu *Department of Computational Biology, China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
Zhengchao Luo *DP Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China.
Kai He *Department of Computational Biology, China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
Feifan ZhangDepartment of Computational Biology, China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
Yawei ZhangClinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC) and Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Wanzhou District, Chongqing, 404100, China.
Jinzhuo WangDepartment of Big Data and Biomedical AI, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
Han WenBeijing Advanced Center of RNA Biology (BEACON), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China. wenh@aisi.ac.cn.
Yongge LiDP Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China. liyongge@dp.tech.
Dali HanDepartment of Computational Biology, China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China. handl@big.ac.cn.

Funding

Beijing Natural Science Foundation L259070Beijing Natural Science Foundation Z260010CNCB-initiative programs iCNCB2025001National Key R&D Program of China 2023YFC3403200National Key R&D Program of China 2024YFC3405901Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) 32121001Next-Generation Bioinformatics Algorithms XDA0460302Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality 25JS2850100Shanghai Action Plan for Science, Technology and Innovation 24JS2820200Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences XDB0570101
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immunosenescence increases susceptibility to infection and reduces vaccine responsiveness, yet bulk transcriptomic clocks obscure the cellular heterogeneity underlying this process. Here, we present IDEAL-Age, an interpretable deep learning framework that operates directly on single-cell PBMC transcriptomes. Benchmarking against 35 methods across independent cohorts demonstrates superior predictive performance. The framework's interpretability uncovers linear and non-linear gene contribution trajectories that reveal phase-specific physiological transitions, and identifies youth-associated or aging-associated cellular roles. Application to systemic lupus erythematosus reveals accelerated immunological aging driven by interferon-associated monocyte shifts. IDEAL-Age establishes a high-resolution computational framework for deciphering systemic immune aging.

Indexed as

AgingDeep LearningImmunosenescenceSingle-Cell AnalysisHumansLeukocytes, MononuclearLupus Erythematosus, SystemicSingle-Cell Gene Expression AnalysisTranscriptomeAccelerated agingAging clockImmunological agingInterpretable deep learning frameworkPBMCScRNA-seqSingle-cell resolutionSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Identifiers

PMID42503507
PMCPMC13404583

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.