Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42502688›Full record

ArticleInformation systems frontiers : a journal of research and innovation2026

The Tool, the Pet, the Carer & the Warden: A Conceptual Framework of How Older Adults Perceive Socially Assistive Robots.

Laura Pemberton, Nikolay Mehandjiev, Michelle Carter

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Information systems frontiers : a journal of research and innovation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Laura PembertonAlliance Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL UK.ORCID 0009-0008-2296-2485
Nikolay MehandjievThe University of Birmingham Dubai Campus, Dubai International Academic City, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.ORCID 0000-0003-2229-4268
Michelle CarterAlliance Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1075-4944

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As the population of older adults in the UK grows, Socially Assistive Robots (SARs) are increasingly important for supporting independence and enhancing quality of life within the home. This study draws on the Computers Are Social Actors (CASA) framework to explore how older adults perceive and interact with anthropomorphized SARs. We present a framework that categorizes these devices into four roles: Carer, Pet, Warden, and Tool. The framework reflects relationship tolerance and autonomy, capturing the varied relational and emotional interactions older users have with SARs. Using qualitative methods, including interviews with 13 older adults in a virtual reality smart home setup, the findings reveal diverse user expectations. Devices like Alexa and a robotic cat align with the Pet role, providing companionship and emotional comfort, while humanoid robots fit the Warden role, offering oversight without attachment. Design implications emphasize customizable anthropomorphic features, enabling devices to adapt to users' emotional and practical needs, ultimately fostering autonomy and quality of life for aging individuals.

Indexed as

Aging-in-placeAnthropomorphismComputers are social actors (CASA)Older adultsSocially assistive robots (SARs)

Identifiers

PMID42502688
PMCPMC13400473

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.