ArticleEmergency medicine international2026
Prognostic Value of the Total Bilirubin-to-Albumin Ratio in Critically Ill Patients with Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Multicentre Cohort Study.
Article in Emergency medicine international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Prognostic Value of the Total Bilirubin-to-Albumin Ratio in Critically Ill Patients with Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Multicentre Cohort Study.Emergency medicine international · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: The total bilirubin-to-serum albumin ratio (TBAR) has been proposed as an indicator of hepatic dysfunction and systemic inflammation, yet its prognostic relevance in critically ill patients with gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) remains unclear. This study evaluated the association between TBAR and mortality and developed a TBAR-based prognostic model. Methods: Data were extracted from the MIMIC-IV v3.1 database, with external validation using the eICU-CRD v2.0. Adult patients with GIB were included after applying predefined eligibility criteria, yielding a final cohort of 1627 individuals. The primary outcomes were 28-day all-cause mortality. Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier analyses, restricted cubic splines (RCS), ROC curves, and subgroup analyses were performed. A prediction nomogram was constructed using variables selected through the Boruta algorithm and evaluated using AUC, C-index, calibration performance, and decision curve analysis. Results: Nonsurvivors exhibited markedly greater physiological instability, more severe organ dysfunction, and substantially higher TBAR levels. TBAR was independently associated with mortality across all Cox models (fully adjusted HR for 28-day mortality: 1.10, 95% CI 1.06-1.15). High TBAR was associated with more than a twofold increased risk of death. TBAR demonstrated superior discriminatory ability compared with TBIL or ALB alone and provided incremental predictive value when combined with the SOFA score. RCS analysis supported a linear dose-response association. Subgroup analyses showed no significant interactions. The final nomogram-which incorporated SOFA, APTT, TBAR, vasopressor use, CRRT, and anion gap-achieved an AUC of 0.794 and a bootstrap-corrected C-index of 0.789. External validation in the eICU cohort confirmed the robustness of the association and the strong performance of the model (AUC 0.805). Conclusions: TBAR is an independent predictor of mortality in critically ill patients with GIB. The TBAR-based nomogram demonstrates reliable discrimination and calibration and may facilitate individualized mortality risk stratification in clinical practice.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.