ArticleBioactive materials2026
Glycan-decorated polymeric nanomedicine for the treatment of multidrug-resistant infections.
Article in Bioactive materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The antimicrobial resistance (AMR) crisis necessitates strategies to revitalize existing antibiotics against multidrug-resistant pathogens. While cationic antimicrobial polymers can disrupt bacterial membranes, their clinical translation is hindered by host toxicity. Here we report a hierarchical, stimuli-responsive nanomedicine designed on principles of safety, specificity, switchability, and synergy. We synthesized phenylboronic ester-caged biodegradable polymers shielded by functional polysaccharide shells. These nanoparticles remain inert during circulation but selectively activate within infection microenvironments. Upon activation, the exposed cationic polymer physically compromises bacterial membranes, enabling the entry of co-delivered antibiotics such as rifampicin into Gram-positive, Gram-negative, mycobacterial, and biofilm-embedded pathogens. Our research led to the discovery of glycans that significantly improve therapeutic outcomes. We found that different glycans exhibited distinct effects in various tissues and conditions: chondroitin sulfate effectively targeted CD44-abundant infectious niches, enabling precise localization and enhanced therapeutic efficacy, whereas levan uniquely stimulated macrophage oxidative bursts, promoting intracellular pathogen clearance. By leveraging these distinct biological interactions, our platform overcomes the physical and biological barriers of AMR, offering a universal strategy to treat diverse, multidrug-resistant infections.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.