Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42501208›Full record

ArticleMolecular biology reports2026

Antibiofilm activity of Limosilactobacillus fermentum SH2 and Lactococcus lactis extracts against strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus hominis SH7, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Shatha A Allaith, Zaid Akram Thabit, Yaseen Ismael Mamoori, Hanan S Ebrahim, Ahmed A Radwan, Marwa N Ahmed, Olfat S Barakat, Sana Mh Al-Shimmary, Safaa A S Al-Qaysi, Ahmed M M Gabr

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Article in Molecular biology reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Shatha A AllaithField Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Karbala University, Karbala, 56001, Iraq.
Zaid Akram ThabitBiotechnology Research Center, Environmental Biotech Department, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, 64074, Iraq.
Yaseen Ismael MamooriDepartment of Medical and Molecular Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University, Jadriya, Baghdad, Iraq.
Hanan S EbrahimDepartment of Plant Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
Ahmed A RadwanGenetics and Cytology Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
Marwa N AhmedSchool of Biotechnology, Nile University, Giza, 12677, Egypt.
Olfat S BarakatDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
Sana Mh Al-ShimmaryBiology Department, College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. sana.habib@csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9549-8339
Safaa A S Al-QaysiBiology Department, College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. safaaa_bio@csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq.
Ahmed M M GabrDepartment of Plant Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLactobacillus species are commonly studied probiotic organisms that can inhibit pathogenic bacteria through many mechanisms for the bacterial cells themselves or their extracts, both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS AND

resultsThe inhibitory effects of two lactobacilli species (Limosilactobacillus fermentum SH2 (LF) and Lactococcus lactis subsp. Lactis NRRL1821 (LL)) on the formation of biofilms of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43,300, Staphylococcus hominis SH7 OM489438, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 35,032 were investigated. Molecular analysis of the pathogenic strains revealed that the seb gene is exclusively detected in S. aureus, whereas the icaAA and icaD genes were detected in both S. aureus and S. hominis SH7. Multiple virulence genes, including pslA, pelA, toxA, exoT, exoU, lasB, lasR, and rhlR, were detected in P. aeruginosa. The inhibition of staphylococcal biofilms by Limosilactobacillus fermentum SH2 was distinct, reaching 97.81% inhibition against MRSA, whereas Lactococcus lactis activity increased against P. aeruginosa, with inhibition reaching 98.95%. The results of confocal laser scanning microscopy using acridine orange‒propidium iodide staining demonstrated biofilm disruption and damage to the bacterial membrane. Reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated significant downregulation of the expression of biofilm- and quorum-sensing genes (icaA, icaD, lasR, and rhlR).

conclusionsThese results clearly demonstrated that LAB extracts have antibiofilm activity through membrane disruption, inhibition of the quorum-sensing network, and suppression of genes involved in biofilm formation. These extracts can be developed as alternative strategies for controlling MDR pathogenic bacteria and biofilm-associated infections, as well as reducing the dependence on trivial drugs.

Indexed as

BiofilmsLactococcus lactisMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusPseudomonas aeruginosaStaphylococcus hominisAnti-Bacterial AgentsBacterial ProteinsQuorum SensingAnti-Bacterial AgentsBacterial ProteinsAntibiofilm activityCLSMGene expressionLactococcus lactisLimosilactobacillus fermentum SH2Pathogenic bacteria

Identifiers

PMID42501208

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.