ArticleSmart molecules : open access2026
Synthesis, modification, and chlorhexidine loading of polymer modified-HM-HAP particles: In vivo antibacterial analysis and cell cytotoxicity assessment.
Article in Smart molecules : open access, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is commonly known as an excellent biocompatible and a potential solution to be used in drug delivery applications. This paper examines the synthesis, modification, and loading of chlorhexidine (CHD) drug into hollow mesoporous hydroxyapatite (HM-HAP) particles to increase the antibacterial efficacy for oral infections. HM-HAP particles were synthesized and modified with different weight polymers that is, polyethylene glycol (PEG (1000, 2000, 4.6k)) and polyethyleneimine (PEI (1200, 1800)), to improve the surface properties and drug loading ability. Chlorhexidine was effectively loaded onto both unmodified and polymer-modified HM-HAP samples, achieving loading efficiencies up to 81.67% for HM-HAP and 77.85% for PEG-1000/HM-HAP verified by UV-vis analysis. The CHD-loaded samples were then eventually incorporated into sodium polyacrylate (PAAS) gels to improve their sticking properties, hence enabling effective adherence to the treatment site and enhancing the local antibacterial effect. The antibacterial activity of both CHD-loaded polymer-modified HM-HAP samples and CHD-loaded polymer-modified HM-HAP gel samples was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. In in vitro tests, PEI-1200/HM-HAP and PEG-1000/HM-HAP gels exhibited the largest inhibition zones of ∼1.6 cm against
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