ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
Role of homocysteine, vitamins B12, B6, B1, and folate in Saudi patients with premature acute coronary syndrome.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Homocysteine (HCY) has been implicated in cardiovascular disease through adverse effects on vascular endothelium, oxidative stress, and thrombogenic pathways. Saudi Arabia has a young population and an increasing burden of cardiovascular disease, yet regional data on HCY and B-vitamin profiles in premature acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remain limited. This single-center cross-sectional exploratory study evaluated serum HCY, vitamins B12, B6, B1, and folate levels in 80 patients with premature ACS at King Fahd Military Medical Complex (KFMMC), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. Premature ACS was defined as ACS occurring in men aged <=55 years and women aged <=65 years. Clinical, laboratory, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, angiographic, and SYNTAX score II 2020 data were collected. Spearman correlation showed a weak but statistically significant inverse association between HCY and folate (rho = -0.254,
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