ArticleHCA healthcare journal of medicine2026
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Associated With Leptospirosis: A Rare Complication.
Article in HCA healthcare journal of medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is rare but potentially life-threatening complication of leptospirosis, a zoonotic infection caused by the Case Presentation: A 23-year-old male presented with low-grade fever, productive cough, shortness of breath, jaundice, and pallor for 15 days. On examination, he was pale and icteric with bilateral chest crepitations. Laboratory studies showed severe anemia (hemoglobin 5.5 g/dL), elevated lactate dehydrogenase (1027 U/L), hyperbilirubinemia, thrombocytopenia, and peripheral smear evidence of hemolysis. A direct Coombs' test was strongly positive. Conclusion: This case demonstrates a rare immune-mediated manifestation of leptospirosis presenting as AIHA without hepatic or renal failure. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for hematologic complications in leptospirosis. Early recognition and timely initiation of corticosteroid therapy alongside antibiotics can improve patient outcomes.
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