ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
Pathogen profiles and co-detection characteristics of acute respiratory infections based on active surveillance in a large district of southern China.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the multipathogen profiles and co-detection characteristics among patients with acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in a large district of southern China. Methods: This multicenter study conducted active surveillance of patients with acute respiratory infections (ARIs) at eight sentinel hospitals in a large district of southern China from August 1, 2024, to December 31, 2025. The study employed multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology to screen a series of respiratory specimens for 20 respiratory pathogens. Multi-stage logistic regression models were constructed to assess co-detection associations between pathogens at the individual level. Results: The median [interquartile range (IQR)] age of the 6,199 patients included in the study was 24 [5, 33] years. The detection rate and co-detection rate for any pathogen were 62.5% (3,876/6,199) and 18.5% (1,148/6,199), respectively. The highest viral detection rate (69.1%, 993/1,437) was observed in children under five, and the highest bacterial detection rate (47.6%, 487/1,022) was observed in school-age children. The three most prevalent viral pathogens were identified as rhinovirus (RV), influenza A virus (IAV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The three most prevalent bacterial pathogens were identified as Conclusion: The characteristics of the pathogens vary depending on the patient's age, the nature of the pneumonia, and the type of medical care sought. Virus-virus pairs showed negative co-detection associations, whereas bacteria-bacteria pairs showed positive co-detection associations.
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